Objective To investigate the role of Nbn gene in the development of hippocampus neurons in Nbn gene neuro-specific deleted(Nbn-CNS-del) mice.Methods NeuN monoclonal antibody,HE staining,immunohistochemical and stereological methods were used to analyze the morphological changes of hippocampus neurons in Nbn-CNS-del mice and Nbn gene undeleted mice(control group) on P7,14 and 21 days.Results Compared with those in control group,the profile areas of molecular layer,granular cell layer and/or pyramidal cell layer,and polymorphic layer of hippocampus in Nbn-CNS-del mice were all reduced(P0.01);the profile numerical densities of NeuN positive cells in granular cell layer and/or pyramidal cell layer were significantly decreased,too(P0.01).Conclusion The development of hippocampus neurons in Nbn-CNS-del mice is inhibited and Nbn may be an important gene during the development of hippocampus neurons.