材料科学
润湿
海绵
接触角
十八烷基三氯氢硅
聚氨酯
扫描电子显微镜
傅里叶变换红外光谱
碳纳米管
化学工程
复合材料
聚酯纤维
离子强度
有机化学
化学
水溶液
工程类
生物
植物
作者
Liu De,Shiying Wang,Tao Wu,Yujiang Li
出处
期刊:Nanomaterials
[MDPI AG]
日期:2021-12-09
卷期号:11 (12): 3344-3344
被引量:14
摘要
The influence of different coupling agents and coupling times on the wettability of a polyurethane (PU) sponge surface were optimized. Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) was selected as the optimal coupling agent to prepare the superhydrophobic sponge. The superhydrophobic sponge was prepared in one step, which has the advantages of simple operation and enhanced durability. The superhydrophobic sponge was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Teclis Tracker tensiometry, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry. The water contact angle increased from 64.1° to 151.3°, exhibiting ideal superhydrophobicity. Oils and organic solvents with different viscosities and densities can be rapidly and selectively absorbed by superhydrophobic sponges, with an absorption capacity of 14.99 to 86.53 times the weight of the sponge itself, without absorbing any water. Since temperature affects the viscosity and ionic strength of oil, and influences the surface wettability of the sponges, the effect of temperature and ionic strength on the oil absorption capacity of the superhydrophobic sponges was measured, and its mechanism was elucidated. The results showed that the absorptive capacity retained more than 90% of the initial absorptive capacity after repeated use for 10 times. Low-cost, durable superhydrophobic sponges show great potential for large-scale oil-water separation.
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