医学
头颈部鳞状细胞癌
头颈部癌
背景(考古学)
免疫系统
生物标志物
肿瘤科
内科学
PD-L1
癌症
头颈部
病理
癌症研究
免疫学
免疫疗法
生物
古生物学
外科
生物化学
作者
Elena Muraro,Rebecca Romanò,Giuseppe Fanetti,Emanuela Vaccher,Irene Turturici,Valentina Lupato,Fabio Biagio La Torre,Jerry Polesel,Elisabetta Fratta,Vittorio Giacomarra,Giovanni Franchin,Agostino Steffan,Michele Spina,Salvatore Alfieri
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103707
摘要
Amongst the chief targets of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), namely the Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-Ligands (Ls) axis, most research has focused on PD-L1, while to date PD-L2 is still under-investigated. However, emerging data support PD-L2 relevant expression in malignancies of the head and neck area, mostly in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and salivary gland cancers (SGCs). In this context, ICIs have achieved highly heterogeneous outcomes, emphasizing an urgent need for the identification of predictive biomarkers. With the present review, we aimed at describing PD-L2 biological significance by focusing on its tissue expression, its binding to PD-1 and RGMb receptors, and its impact on physiological and anti-cancer immune response. Specifically, we reported PD-L2 expression rates and significant clinical correlates among different head and neck cancer histotypes. Finally, we described the biology of soluble PD-L2 form and its potential application as a prognostic and/or predictive circulating biomarker.
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