Abstract Five new xanthenone O‐glycosides, sibiricaxanthone C (1), sibiricaxanthone D (2), sibiricaxanthone E (3), sibiricaxanthone F (4), and sibiricaxanthone G (5) were isolated from the roots of Polygala sibirica L., together with the six known xanthenone glycosides 6–11. The structures of new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and acid hydrolysis.