Potential cathode materials for advanced lithium‐ion battery: A comparative review

Abstract Enhancing energy and power density to meet the demand for higher energy requirement, especially for high‐end portable electronics and hybrid and electric cars, as well as safety and increased cyclability, are the main issues at this stage for Li–ion battery (LIB) development. To satisfy the requirement of higher energy and power density, electrode materials need to be improved to achieve better electrochemical performance along with safety. The main component in raising the energy and power density of rechargeable LIBs is cathode material. This review article discusses the different types of cathode materials. This includes layered, spinel, and olivine type structures. The individual advantages and shortcomings of the structures are discussed for improving LIB towards their better performance. By engineering these materials at the nanoscale, common limitations of conventional cathodes, such as slow kinetics during charge and discharge cycles and poor cycling stability, can be overcome. Nanostructured cathode materials for LIBs garnered significant attention due to their potential to enhance the performance, capacity, and lifespan of the energy storage devices owing to their nanoscale dimensions. Electrochemical performance of cathode materials including nanostructured materials have been reported in this review.