Advances in the Study of Pyroptosis in Dermatological Disorders

Pyroptosis is a proinflammatory procedural cell die-off characterised by the forming of membrane pores that are mediated by a series of aerogelin proteins. Pyroptosis occurs by caspase-1 dependent typical signalling pathways, caspase-4/5/11 dependent atypical signalling pathways, and other signalling pathways (GSDME, GSDMD, GSDMA, GSDMB and GSDMC mediated signalling pathways). Pyroptosis may assist in the elimination of the pathogen as a type of mechanism of host defence, but pyroptosis-induced inflammation can lead to dysfunction and organ damage, exacerbating the pathology of the disease. Several existing researches have suggested that pyroptosis is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of a majority of dermatologic disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis (PA), atopic dermatitis (AD), systemic sclerosis (SSc), vitiligo and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). In this review, we examine the available literature, focusing on the mechanistic aspects of pyroptosis and the involvement of pyroptosis in the six dermatologic disorders mentioned above, to aid in further research in the future.