Sex and Age Variation for Nephrolithiasis Risk Factors on 24-Hour Urine Metabolic Evaluation: A Real-World Single-center Retrospective Analysis

Sex and age are independently associated with urine analyte values and stone risk. Male and younger patients are more likely to exhibit diet-driven abnormalities, whereas females and older patients present with risks linked to intrinsic physiology. These findings enhance the understanding of patient-specific stone risk and support tailored approaches to evaluation and prevention.