Smart Janus cotton fabrics prepared via mist polymerization for moisture and thermal management

The construction of Janus structures on cotton fabrics can endow the fabrics with dynamic multifunctional properties. However, because of the large pores between fabric fibers, the formation of Janus structures by grafting different functional coatings on the double surfaces of cotton fabrics via dipping technology is difficult. To construct Janus structures on cotton fabrics, mist polymerization and "grafting-through" polymerization technologies were used to graft polylauryl methacrylate and a heat-shrinkable thermosensitive antibacterial polymer on the inside and outside surfaces of the cotton fabric, respectively. The as-formed Janus cotton fabric demonstrated excellent antibacterial durability. Even after subjecting the Janus fabric to 70 laundering cycles, its bacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were > 93.0 %. Compared with the pristine cotton fabric, when the ambient temperature is high or low, the Janus fabric can adjust the skin temperature within 5 min by approximately ±3.0 °C. Additionally, the fabric exhibited excellent waterproof and moisture permeability properties. The Janus cotton fabrics prepared by the proposed strategy possess significant potential for applications in the field of wearable textiles.