催化作用
物理吸附
X射线光电子能谱
材料科学
烧结
甲醇
立方氧化锆
化学工程
多相催化
透射电子显微镜
光谱学
工作(物理)
纳米技术
化学
冶金
有机化学
热力学
陶瓷
物理
量子力学
工程类
作者
Lucas Warmuth,Matthias Steurer,Dieter Schild,Anna Zimina,Jan‐Dierk Grunwaldt,Stephan Pitter
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.3c17383
摘要
The structure and chemical state of heterogeneous catalysts are closely related to their operational stability. Knowing these relationships as precisely as possible is thus essential for further catalyst development. This work focuses on the deactivation of a Cu/ZnO/ZrO2-type catalyst for methanol synthesis. Experiments were performed in a parallel setup, with which time-dependent changes in the catalyst material can be observed. Elucidation of potential deactivation pathways is described for catalyst aging at different times on stream (0, 50, 935 h). Data from X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N2 physisorption, and transmission electron microscopy measurements reveal that sintering of Cu0 domains and restructuring within ZnO domains mainly contribute to deactivation. Subsequent reactivation by reduction (in H2/N2) reverts the observed structural changes only to a limited extent. Moreover, this work highlights the participation of ZrO2 as a promoter and reveals redispersion of zirconia after initial reduction.
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