光致发光
碳二亚胺
聚合物
材料科学
荧光
纳米颗粒
光化学
酰胺
柠檬酸
发光
密度泛函理论
连接器
肉眼
纳米技术
组合化学
化学工程
化学
高分子化学
有机化学
光电子学
计算化学
工程类
物理
复合材料
操作系统
量子力学
计算机科学
作者
Suman Nayak,Kanika Guleria,Abhik Sen,Subhrajeet Banerjee,Ranga Subramanian,Prolay Das
摘要
Chemically induced crosslinked enhanced emission (CEE) of urea and citric acid-derived carbon polymer dot (CPD) nanoparticles is established here with a rare zero linker approach, i.e. without the use of any separate crosslinkers. Such chemical CEE like any chemical reaction was achieved through amide bond formation using carbodiimide chemistry, pointing towards the feasibility of developing a general methodology for their formation through engineering the nanoparticle surface functionality. Exhaustive characterization was done to pinpoint the structure, morphology, and photophysics of the CPDs and concurrently eliminate the possibility of the involvement and interference by molecular fluorophores for the unique optical tuning of the CPDs. The structure-photophysics relation was further restated through theoretical studies involving density functional theory (DFT) that correlated significantly well with the experimental findings. Most interestingly, the CPDs revealed pH responsiveness due to the formation or hydrolysis of amide bonds with acid or base, respectively, which was manifested through a spectacular change in fluorescence emission visible to the naked eye through UV illumination. This distinct pH-dependent photoluminescence properties of CPDs opens up an enormous opportunity for interesting applications, including discriminating normal and cancerous cells, which we demonstrate herein as a proof of concept through in vitro imaging.
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