Experimental study of permeable concrete with FA and GGBS as partial replacement to cement

This study aims to assess the performance of permeable concrete (PC) with partially substituting ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and fly ash (FA) for cement. The XRD and SEM of cement, FA, and GGBS were performed for material characterization. The performance of PC was assessed for compressive strength (CS), split tensile strength (STS), flexural strength (FS), acid attack (sulfate resistance test), density, porosity, and permeability by the falling head method. An experimental program was carried out to evaluate the performance of concrete by substituting 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% of the mass of cement with FA and GGBS while varying the water-to-binder ratio from 0.3 to 0.45 with an increment of 0.05. The FA and GGBS were found to reduce the permeability and porosity of the concrete. The CS was optimum for FA and GGBS as cement replacement at 15 and 20%, respectively. The workability of the PC was increased as an increase in FA and GGBS content. Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed among permeability coefficient, compressive strength, and porosity, as evidenced by a coefficient of determination approaching unity.