Probing Guanidino Pendant or Bridged Groups in Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Temporin L: A Strategy to Improve Efficacy against Gram-Negative Bacteria

) were selected based on their combined antimicrobial potency and low cytotoxicity toward human keratinocytes, emerging as the most structurally representative candidates of the introduced modifications. Further characterization provided an integrated view of their biological properties, highlighting guanidino-based cyclic temporins as attractive agents and a framework for developing next-generation therapeutics against resistant and biofilm-associated infections.