Plasma Proteomic Profiling of Colorectal Cancer: Insights from Minimally Invasive Surgical Cohorts

Advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques and precision oncology paradigms have significantly optimized the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). The advent of endoscopic superminimally invasive surgery (ESMIS) has led to comprehensive evaluations of its proteomic impact in patients with CRC. This prospective study utilized Olink plasma proteomic profiling to delineate ESMIS-versus laparoscopic surgery (LS)-associated molecular variations in CRC cohorts, with validation via immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blotting (WB) methodologies. The results demonstrated that ESMIS significantly attenuated the surgical invasiveness. Calcitonin (CALCA) and platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGFC) emerged as potential biomarkers for invasive damage assessment, while amnionless (AMN), low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase eta (PTPRJ), and fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR were identified as novel diagnostic indicators for CRC. IF, IHC, and WB analyses corroborated Olink findings, confirming significantly decreased AMN, LRP1, FOXO1, and PTPRJ expression in malignant cells and tissues. Future investigations of minimally invasive CRC therapies should prioritize cellular proliferation, metabolic reprogramming, stress response, and apoptosis. Collectively, these findings establish a molecular foundation for precision surgery and provide novel insights into the CRC pathophysiology and iatrogenic organ damage mechanisms.