Risk factors for postoperative recurrence of anal fistula identified by an international, evidence-based Delphi consultation survey of surgical specialists

This Delphi study provides an evidence-based profile of risk factors for AFR in the patient-, surgery- and fistula-related domains from a global perspective. Clinically, these indicators can be incorporated to develop risk calculation tools for the early detection of AFR in high-risk patients, allowing early prevention and intervention.