Defective Fe Metal–Organic Frameworks Enhance Metabolic Profiling for High‐Accuracy Diagnosis of Human Cancers

Abstract Cancers heavily threaten human life; therefore, a high‐accuracy diagnosis is vital to protect human beings from the suffering of cancers. While biopsies and imaging methods are widely used as current technologies for cancer diagnosis, a new detection platform by metabolic analysis is expected due to the significant advantages of fast, simple, and cost‐effectiveness with high body tolerance. However, the signal of molecule biomarkers is too weak to acquire high‐accuracy diagnosis. Herein, precisely engineered metal–organic frameworks for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, allowing favorable charge transfer within the molecule–substrate interface and mitigated thermal dissipation by adjusting the phonon scattering with metal nodes, are developed. Consequently, a surprising signal enhancement of ≈10 000‐fold is achieved, resulting in diagnosis of three major cancers (liver/lung/kidney cancer) with area‐under‐the‐curve of 0.908–0.964 and accuracy of 83.2%–90.6%, which promises a universal detection tool for large‐scale clinical diagnosis of human cancers.