Routine guidewire application facilitates cholangioscopy in the management of postoperative residual hepatolithiasis

Background and Aim Although postoperative cholangioscopy ( POC ) is considered to be an effective treatment for residual hepatolithiasis after surgery, its security and validity still need to be improved. This study compared wire‐guided POC ( WG ‐ POC ) versus traditional POC (T‐ POC ) in the management of patients with residual hepatolithiasis. Methods This retrospective study included a total of 203 patients who suffered from hepatolithiasis and underwent hepatectomy as initial intervention from 1 January 2016 to 1 January 2017. After surgery, 110 patients were subjected to T‐ POC and 93 to WG ‐ POC for eliminating residual hepatolithiasis. Perioperative course and follow‐up outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results No significant differences in clinical characteristics or distribution of residual hepatolithiasis between the WG ‐ POC and T‐ POC groups were observed ( P > 0.05). However, overall POC interventional sessions (2.9 ± 0.85 vs 4.0 ± 1.21 times), average operating time (264.8 ± 103.61 vs 389.4 ± 136.26 min), overall complications rate (18.28% vs 32.73%), and overall T‐tube retaining time (21.8 ± 6.20 vs 28.8 ± 8.09 days) were lower in the WG ‐ POC group than in the T‐ POC group ( P < 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences between the two groups ( WG ‐ POC vs T‐ POC ) in recurrence (4.30% vs 4.55%) and residual calculi (8.60% vs 6.36%) at half‐a‐year follow up ( P > 0.05). Conclusions Routine wire guidance may improve the outcome of cholangioscopy in managing complicated residual hepatolithiasis, being associated with clear advantages such as shorter operating time and number of POC interventions, reduced T‐tube retaining time, and fewer postoperative complications.