On chirality measures and chirality properties

It is shown that chiral zeroes are integral to all pseudoscalar functions, and that these functions, and thus the chirality properties that are described by them, are therefore normally unsuitable as chirality measures. The multidimensional nature of chirality properties is explored. Chirality measures for nonrigid objects and stochastic systems are discussed. It is shown that if the chirality of a nonrigid object is described as a time average of the chirality measures of its instant configurations, this time average is nonzero not only for chiral but also for achiral molecules. This paradox can be resolved if chirality measures are properly applied to nonrigid objects.Key words: chirality, chiral zeroes, chirality measures, chirality properties.