This text is the result of the Thematic Group Traffic Management of the ECTRI - European Conference of Transport Research Institutes. As a position paper, it states the challenges that the European Research Agenda will have to face if the following goals for a future transportation system are considered: * User-aware mobility * Zero accidents and zero emissions * Minimum space, time, energy & costs for transport It describes in a concise manner the research approaches needed to achieve the realization of these goals