INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL URINARY SYSTEM (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)

Objective is to analyze the current state of studying morphological features of interstitial cells of Cajal. Morphologically the cells are characterized by their similarity to smooth myocytes with long processes, they form numerous contacts with smooth muscular cells and cells of the nervous system in the form of three-dimensional grid. Due to their pacemaker activity the interstitial cells of cause contraction of smooth myocytes of the urinary system. Based on immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of the structure they are divided into interstitial cells of Cajal proper and fibroblast cells. Immunohistochemical marker for identifying cells Cajal is CD117. Depending on their location in the body wall, interstitial cells of Cajal have different morphological characteristics. Cells of Cajal interact not only with smooth muscle cells, but also with lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, mast and dendritic cells. Pathological anlage and development of Cajal cells leads to disruption of motility of the urinary system organs. Conclusion. The morphological features of interstitial Cahal cells in the organs of the urinary system are insufficiently studied and require further integrated research, ascertaining their sources and features of the topography in the walls of the organs of the urinary system.