Objective:To explore the effect of Erxian Decoction(ED)on expression of ovarian morphology in the immunological premature ovarian failure of model mice.Methods:The immunological ovary premature model was set by immunogens of 330th-342th amino acid sequences(NSSSSQFQIHGPR)and ED was used to treat the model.The sexual cycle,ovarian weight and histological changes of mice ovaries were observed;the ovarian index and anti-zona pellucida antibodies in peripheral blood were detected by ELISA.Results:Estrous cycle was disorder gradually,the time was relatively earlier.The vaginal cell smear showed that there were a large number of leukocytes and a few of nucleate epithelial cells.The volume of ovary was reduced.The mature follicle was less.The granular cell layer of follicle was less than normal and arranged in disorder.Some follicles were dysplastic.Such situations were improved in varying degrees of all ED groups.Conclusion:Erxian Decoction can improve the ovarian morphology of the mice.