The literal connotation of TANG Xian-zu’s The Peony Pavilion should be analyzed from unsolved aspects like the prototype of the birthplace,the prototype of peony pavilion,the prototype of dry wells and dilapidated fences,and the prototype of protagonists.Only in this way can we realize the mysterious and profound intention of the author to be against Neo-Confucianism and advocate human natures,and provide a unique prospective for further studies into The Peony Pavilion.