Nitric Oxide in Fungal Metabolism (Review)

The review summarizes the latest data on the identification and synthesis of nitric oxide in fungi, as well as the mechanisms of NO action in these organisms, including S-nitrosylation and the nitration of amino acid residues, the initiation of DNA breaks, transcriptional gene activation, and the cGMP-dependent signaling pathway. Particular attention is paid to the NO-dependent regulation of such processes as apoptosis and various stress responses, spore germination, mycelium growth, and fungal differentiation.