ÁCIDO FUSÁRICO E DERIVADOS: REVISÃO DAS ATIVIDADES BIOLÓGICAS E POTENCIAL TERAPÊUTICO

FUSARIC ACID AND DERIVATIVES: A REVIEW OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL. Fusaric acid is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium, first described in 1934. Research has demonstrated a correlation between this mycotoxin and the virulence of Fusarium fungi in plants, causing significant economic losses in crops such as pineapple, watermelon, cucumber, banana, and others. These fungi are highly adaptable and ubiquitous in soil; however, the understanding of their mechanism of toxicity in plants is still limited. This review focuses on research involving fusaric acid and its derivatives, covering the biological activities reported since 2000. The analysis encompassed 69 experiments, which revealed 11 distinct types of biological activities. The main activity reported was antimicrobial, comprising 39 different species of microorganisms against which fusaric acid exhibited some effect. The derivatives and analogs reported during this period, comprising a total of 100 compounds, were also discussed. These were categorized into natural, semi-synthetic, and synthetic. Based on the experiments performed, the forms obtained, and the main activities analyzed, topics such as biotransformation, detoxification, and phytotoxicity were addressed, among others. With this updated review, we aim to present novel perspectives on the discovery of new biological activities for fusaric acid and its derivatives.