Green intellectual capital and circular economy implementation: exploring the role of green mindfulness and green dynamic capabilities

Purpose This study examines the influence of green intellectual capital (GIC) on circular economy implementation in wineries, analyzing the mediating roles of green mindfulness and green dynamic capabilities. Additionally, age, size and protected designation of origin membership are included as control variables to enhance the robustness of the model. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual framework is developed based on the literature review and empirically tested through structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and importance-performance map analysis (IPMA). Survey data from 207 wineries allow for a comprehensive assessment of both causal relationships and the relative performance of key constructs. Findings The results indicate that GIC has a significant positive effect on circular economy implementation in wineries. Additionally, green mindfulness and green dynamic capabilities act as partial mediators in this relationship, underscoring their role in enabling sustainability-driven decision-making. Originality/value This research contributes to the literature in several ways. First, to the best of our knowledge, there are no previous studies that have analyzed green mindfulness and green dynamic capabilities as mediating variables in the main linkage between GIC and circular economy implementation. Second, this main relationship has not been addressed in the wine context, which allows us to generate new scientific knowledge. Third, the proposed theoretical model is a pioneer in the analysis of the consequential variables of GIC.