Microplastics influence the adsorption and desorption characteristics of Cd in an agricultural soil

Microplastics (MPs) in terrestrial ecosystems particularly agroecosystem are attracting increasing attention worldwide. However, the influences of MPs on adsorption and desorption of contaminants in agricultural soils remain unknown. Here, batch experiments were conducted to study the effects of polyethylene MPs on Cd adsorption and desorption in a farmland soil under varying conditions. Both Cd adsorption and desorption in soils with or without MPs reached equilibrium within 120 min. Cd adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order model, and the adsorption isotherm fitted to the Langmuir model more precisely than the Freundlich model. Overall, addition of MPs decreased Cd adsorption but increased desorption, and the effects varied with MPs dose and particle size, and solution pH. MPs-induced decrease in Cd adsorption and increase in Cd desorption were more pronounced at higher MPs dose and larger particle size, but varied differently from solution pH. EDS analysis confirmed Cd adsorption on MPs surface. Both MPs before and after Cd adsorption showed similar XRD patterns, indicating MPs maintained a high crystallinity and no new crystalline phases formed. In conclusion, the input of MPs into soil might enhance the mobility of Cd via mitigating soil adsorbing capacity, thereby posing additional risks of Cd to agroecosystem.