Heteropoly acid-driven assembly of glutathione into redox-responsive underwater adhesive

Dynamic adhesives were fabricated based on the ionic co-assembly of glutathione and heteropoly acids (HPAs). The underwater attachment and detachment of the adhesives were achieved based on the redox properties of glutathione. We demonstrated that the formation of disulfide bonds of glutathione plays a pivotal role in the formation of robust 3D network structures as well as the improvement of cohesion.