One-pot ball-milling preparation of cetylpyridinium chloride/α-zirconium phosphate composite for simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid and dopamine

In this study, we report a rapid and facile synthesis of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) intercalated α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) by a one-pot ball-milling method. The obtained intercalation composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of milling time on the intercalation behavior was investigated and CPC can be successfully inserted into the gallery of α-ZrP after 2 h of grinding. The as-prepared CPC/α-ZrP composite was used for the modification of glass carbon electrode (GCE) and simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA) via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. AA and DA exhibited two well-resolved oxidation peaks on the CPC/α-ZrP modified electrode with a potential difference of 307 mV. The calibration curves obtained are linear for the currents versus AA and DA concentrations in the range 40–1500 μM and 13–520 μM, with the detection limits (S/N = 3) are 10 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. The modified electrode could provide a new platform for the determination of AA and DA in terms of excellent reproducibility and stability.