Cross-Linking Antibodies to Beads with Disuccinimidyl Suberate (DSS)

This protocol describes the cross-linking of antibodies to either Protein A or G agarose beads using disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS), a bifunctional cross-linker capable of directly reacting with two different amines to form stable amide bonds. Proteins, including antibodies, generally display several primary amines in the side chains of lysine (K) residues and the amino terminus of each polypeptide that represent available potential targets for N -hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)–ester cross-linking reagents. The antibody–bead cross-linking process generates a reusable resource of antibody and beads, commonly referred to as an antibody-specific resin, and can be repeatedly used for the immunoprecipitation of specific proteins if treated and stored correctly.