Thermodynamic Theory of Gravity and Buoyancy

There are currently four elementary forces in physics: gravity, electromagnetic force, and the weak and strong forces. In this paper, we propose a thermodynamic theory for gravity and show that the gravitational force is not an independent elementary force. We reveal that Newton’s gravitational force arises from microscopic thermodynamic potential energy. Additionally, we demonstrate that both Newton’s second law and the buoyancy force are also caused by this microscopic thermodynamic potential energy. Our calculation of the gravitational force shows a quantitative agreement with experimental data, offering a fresh perspective on gravity and buoyancy.