Acacia catechu: Comprehensive Review of Traditional Use, Phytochemicals and Pharmacology

Aim and Objectives: This review aims to discuss the traditional applications, ethnobotanical significance, phytochemistry, and pharmacological profile of Acacia catechu (A. catechu). By examining the crude extracts, isolated components, and various fractions of the plant, the review seeks to identify potential new therapeutic agents. Material and Methods: The available published literature on the plant was searched in databases like Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, ACS, Wiley, Web of Science, Springer Link, and PubMed for all appropriate information to bring this review in place. In addition, other official electronic sources like the Encyclopedia Britannica and Northern Regional Center of the Botanical Survey of India, along with the links theplantlist.org, were also searched. In addition to these sources, some book chapters and books were also searched for the same. Results: A. catechu is a well-documented tree with numerous medicinal uses, widely utilized in Asia and beyond. The plant exhibits various pharmacological properties, including antibacterial effects, antidiarrheal activity, analgesic properties, cholesterol-lowering capabilities, ulcer protection, antidiabetic effects, inhibition of cell growth and anti-inflammatory actions. Conclusion: This article goes into great detail about plants, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity studies.