Quantitative Analysis of Glutathione Utilizing Highly Luminescent Gold Nanoclusters

ABSTRACT Glutathione (GSH), a pivotal regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, requires precise monitoring for clinical diagnostics. This work develops bovine serum albumin‐templated gold nanoclusters (BSA‐AuNCs) through in situ chloroauric acid reduction, exhibiting orange fluorescence ( λ em = 610 nm) with 35.8% quantum yield. Systematic evaluation of pH‐dependent and time‐resolved quenching behavior revealed optimal GSH detection at physiological pH 7.4 within 3 min. The nanozyme demonstrated linear responsivity from 10 nM to 3 μM (Limit of Detection, LOD = 8.7 nM) and validated applicability in biological matrices (urine/serum) with 98.0%–103.3% recovery rates. This photoluminescent platform enables reliable GSH biomarker quantification, advancing point‐of‐care testing for oxidative stress disorders.