材料科学
自愈水凝胶
动力学
纳米技术
高分子化学
物理
量子力学
作者
Aoife Gregg,Michaël De Volder,Jeremy J. Baumberg
出处
期刊:Small
[Wiley]
日期:2023-10-22
标识
DOI:10.1002/smll.202305034
摘要
Light-responsive microactuators composed of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) forests mixed with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel composites are studied. The benefit of this composite is that CNTs act as a black absorber to efficiently capture radiative heating and trigger PNIPAM contraction. In addition, CNT forests can be patterned accurately using lithography to span structures ranging from a few micrometers to several millimeters in size, and these CNT-PNIPAM composites can achieve response times as fast as 15 ms. The kinetics of these microactuators are investigated through detailed analysis of high-speed videos. These are compared to a theoretical model for the deswelling dynamics, which combines thermal convection and polymer diffusion, and shows that polymer diffusion is the rate-limiting factor in this system. Applications of such CNT/hydrogel actuators as microswimmers are discussed, with light-actuating micro-jellyfish designs exemplified, and >1500 cycles demonstrated.
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