Porous architecture photoelectrode with boosted photoelectrochemical properties for solar fuel production

It is widely accepted that to achieve a sufficient supply of solar energy, we need an efficient strategy, including the less time-consuming and low cost of storing and transforming sunlight into chemical fuels. The last nine years have seen a rush into promising semiconductors that can be used as photoelectrode in photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices. This review commences with a fundamental understanding of solar fuel production via PEC devices and the concept of porous photoelectrode materials. We also describe various configuration systems for solar fuel production, including liquid-state PEC and solid-state PEC. Besides that, recent progress on techniques for fabricating porous photoelectrodes is summarized. This review also emphasises the use of porous photoelectrodes in the production of solar fuel. Our work facilitates researchers to find suitable and affordable methods to fabricate porous photoelectrode which may pave the way for the development of materials with enormous promise for PEC applications.