Balance PCE, AVT and CRI for good eye comfort semi-transparent organic photovoltaics via Ga2O3 or In2O3 electron collection layers

One of the promising applications for semi-transparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) is using as photovoltaic glass windows due to their suitable transparency, comfortable and adjustable color. However, it is difficult to achieve good eye comfort ST-OSCs with suitable average visible transmittance (AVT), power conversion efficiency (PCE) and color rendering index (CRI) because the three factors affect and restrict mutually. To realize ST-OSCs with high performance, theoretical transmittance spectra of ST-OSCs are obtained using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation, and then the theoretical optimized structural parameters with appropriate AVT and CRI are achieved. The experimental ST-OSCs output is analyzed under the guidance of theory, and PM6:Y6-based ST-OSCs with Ga2O3 or In2O3 electron collection layers (ECLs) demonstrate outstanding power-generating and chromatic parameters. The PCE for devices with Ga2O3 ECL gets up to 12.6% with an AVT of 22.5% and a CRI of 86.94, and the PCE for devices with In2O3 ECL reaches up to 12.7% with an AVT of 21.5% and a CRI of 88.29. Apparently, the two deep-blue devices guarantee comfortable visual sensations when seeing through the devices, and this work offers a simple approach to achieve power-generating glass with good eye comfort color in energy-saving skyscrapers.