Sex differences in the peripheral blood transcriptome and their associations with neuroimaging and cognition in schizophrenia

Our results demonstrate that, males and females with SCZ exhibit distinct degrees of peripheral blood transcriptomic dysregulation and distinct correlations between peripheral blood transcriptome and functional neuroimage. These sex-specific associations further influence cognitive performance. Collectively, our findings provide evidence for sexual dimorphism in SCZ manifested at both the peripheral blood transcriptional and neuroimaging levels, emphasizing the importance of developing sex-specific treatment strategies for this disorder.