Endoscopic closure of Gastrointestinal defects: Devices and Techniques

The choice of closure technique depends on defect size, location, and tissue characteristics. TTSCs are suitable for small mucosal defects, while OTSCs and suturing devices enable robust closure for full thickness defects. While endoscopic suturing offers high closure strength, technical expertise is required. In near future, robotic-assisted endoscopy may enhance precision and efficiency of resection as well as closure of post-resection defects. Further research should focus on refining closure techniques and optimizing device selection to improve clinical outcomes.