Suppression of apoptosis in osteocytes, the potential way of natural medicine in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head

When all the relevant signal pathways are considered, the key apoptotic routes include those mediated by the mitochondrial pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling network, etc. As a result, we anticipate that this study will shed light on the value of TCM and its constituent parts for treating ONFH by inducing apoptosis in osteocytes and offer some guidance for the future development of innovative medications as anti-ONFH medications in clinical settings.