烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD+）合成代谢及其调控机体衰老研究进展

As the center of coenzyme and energy metabolism of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide redox, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) can directly or indirectly affect many key physiological functions of cells, these include DNA repair, mitochondrial function and cellular senescence, which are essential for maintaining the body’s metabolic dynamic equilibrium. Notably, in multiple model organisms, including rodents and humans, NAD+ levels often decrease gradually with tissue and cell senescence. This decline has been associated with a number of age-related diseases, including metabolic diseases, chronic inflammation, cellular senescence, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting NAD+ metabolism has become a potential therapeutic approach to delay the development of aging-related diseases and extend the healthy life span of human beings. The main anabolic pathways of NAD+ in organism, the potential molecular mechanisms regulating aging, and the therapeutic strategies to increase the level of NAD+ by targeting traditional or emerging genetic engineering techniques were summarized in the paper.