[Progress in the study of biological factors of aqueous humor in patients with diabetic retinopathy].

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. Pathological processes such as inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction play important roles in the pathogenesis of DR. Changes in the levels of cytokines associated with these pathologic processes correlate with the onset, progression, and extent of DR. In this review, we address the role of various potential cytokines in aqueous humor in the pathogenesis of DR, with a view to identifying potential targets that may diagnose and treat DR and providing a basis for developing new therapeutic approaches.