涂层
材料科学
质子
接触角
磨损(机械)
导电体
电导率
超疏水涂料
复合材料
天然橡胶
纳米技术
化学工程
光电子学
纳米复合材料
接触电阻
电荷(物理)
静电感应
工作(物理)
辐射
电阻率和电导率
薄板电阻
辐照
表面电导率
沉积(地质)
化学气相沉积
作者
Enfu Wang,Siqun Wang,Wenzhu Li,Wenbiao Zhang,Chunping Dai,Kuichuan Sheng,Jingda Huang
标识
DOI:10.1007/s42114-025-01491-y
摘要
Developing effective raindrop monitors for complex outdoor environments remains a significant challenge. Herein, an innovative raindrop monitoring mechanism based on synergistic charge and proton transfer was proposed to overcome the limitations of traditional deformation-based raindrop monitors, whose accuracy is compromised by interference from wind and insect micro-vibrations. A span-new conductive and superhydrophobic coating was designed through integrating lignin nanospheres, in situ grown ZnO, in situ polymerized polypyrrole (PPY), and polydimethylsiloxane, transforming natural wood into a raindrop monitor via simple spraying. When raindrops contact the raindrop monitor, the charges and protons in the water vapor penetrate the coating to interact with the surface holes of PPY, thereby causing measurable changes in resistance. The coating exhibits excellent superhydrophobicity (water contact angle of 165.8°) and conductivity (0.52 S/m), precisely responding to raindrops with various volumes, heights, and pH values (response time of 282 ms). Furthermore, the coating demonstrates outstanding environmental stability, including remarkable abrasion resistance (maintaining superhydrophobicity after 30 abrasion cycles), outstanding ultraviolet (UV) resistance (retaining superhydrophobicity for 250 h and 13 h under 15 W/m2 and 1000 W/m2 UV irradiation respectively), and high antibacterial property (99.9% against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), ensuring its long-term stable operation in complex outdoor environments. Given the simple preparation and superior performance, this work provides a foreseeable prosperity for the long-term application of raindrop monitor in complex outdoor environments to promote ecological research.
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