Enhancement of the phase, optical and dielectric studies of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) based structure ceramics

The Mg-based dielectric ceramics of (Bi0.5Na0.5)(1−x)MgxTiO3, 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04 was successfully synthesized by mixed oxide route at 850 °C for 2 hrs. The XRD result revealed the single phase monoclinic crystal structure without any secondary phases. The SEM image shows the uniform grain size, low porosity and denser microstructure of the samples. The grains size gradually increases from 1.58 µm to 2.70 µm due to mass transportation during the sintering process. The EDX analysis of the spectra of all the samples was investigated and reported the peaks of elemental compositions (i.e. Bi, O, Ti & Mg). The maximum dielectric constant (εr=1291) for the base composition were observed at 200 °C temperature. The abrupt increasing in tangent loss (tanδ) was reported above 200 °C temperature at frequency range (100 Hz–1 MHz). The TGA analysis shows the net loss (∼0.47 % by weight) was observed and the sample was sustained up to 850 °C calcine temperature.