Novel Co-Polyamides Containing Pendant Phenyl/Pyridinyl Groups with Potential Application in Water Desalination Processes

This study explores the development and evaluation of a novel series of aromatic co-polyamides featuring diverse pendant groups, including phenyl and pyridinyl derivatives, designed for water desalination membrane applications. These co-polyamides, synthesized with a combination of hexafluoroisopropyl, oxyether, phenyl, and amide groups, exhibited excellent solubility in polar aprotic solvents, thermal stability exceeding 350 °C, and the ability to form robust, flexible films. Membranes prepared via phase inversion demonstrated variable water permeability and NaCl rejection rates, significantly influenced by the pendant group chemistry. Notably, pyridinyl-substituted membranes achieved water fluxes up to 17.7 L m−2 h−1 and a NaCl rejection of 37.3%, while phenyl-substituted variants provided insights into the interplay of hydrophobicity and porosity. These findings highlight the critical role of pendant group functionality in tailoring membrane performance, offering a foundation for further structural modifications to enhance efficiency in water treatment technologies.