A comparative analysis of the coupling and coordination between the ecological civilization construction and tourism development in different types of resource-based cities

Resource-based cities are an important concern for the construction of ecological civilization in China, and developing tourism is an important direction for the transformation of resource-based cities. Based on the mechanism of the coupling and coordination effect of ecological civilization construction and tourism development, four different types of resource-based cities in China, Wuwei City (growing type), Pingliang City (mature type), Baiyin City (declining type) and Zhangye City (regenerative type), were selected as the research area. Based on the improved entropy weight method, coupling coordination model and obstacle model, the evaluation index system of ecological civilization construction and tourism development in resource-based cities was constructed, and its coupling development status and obstacle factors were analyzed. According to the results: (1) From 2013 to 2020, the comprehensive scores of ecological civilization construction of four different types of resource-based cities were higher than that of tourism development. They were divided into two gradients according to the comprehensive score of ecological civilization construction. The first gradient was the regeneration and maturity of resource-based cities, while the other gradient was growth and decline of resource-based cities. The comprehensive score of tourism development of four resource-based cities were regeneration, maturity, growth and decline in turn. (2) The coupling degree between regenerative and mature resource-based cities was the best. All of them were in the period of coordinated coupling during the study period, and the coupling degree tended to 1. (3) The regenerative resource city had the highest degree of coupling and coordination between the two systems, followed by mature, growing and finally declining type. (4) Among growing, mature, and declining resource-based cities, the obstacle degree of the tourism development system layer was always higher than that of the ecological civilization construction system layer, while the result was the opposite for regenerative resource-based cities.