Clinical analysis of 258 cases with hyponatremia

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogenic and inducing factors of hyponatremia, and the correlation among serum sodium concentration, age and prognosis. METHODS The clinical data including the age, pathogenesis, serum sodium concentrations, treatment and effect of 258 patients with hyponatremia were collected for retrospective analysis. RESULTS Patients above and below 60 years old accounted for 86.43% and 13.57% respectively, and there was no significant difference in the mean age of groups with different degrees of hyponatremia (P﹥0.05). The mortality rate was 9.30% and the difference in mortality rate between the mild and moderate-severe hyponatremia group was significant (χ2 = 4.699 9, P = 0.030 2, P﹤0.05). Heart diseases with heart failure showed the largest proportion among all primary diseases complicated with hyponatremia (25.58%). CONCLUSION Hyponatremia is more common in old-age patients, and hyponatremia is the most common complication in heart diseases with heart failure. The degree of hyponatremia is correlated to the prognosis. Thus, it is important to actively treat the primary diseases, remove the inducing factors, avoid the iatrogenic factors and have early detection and timely treatment in improving the prognosis.