Bioinspired Interlocking Hierarchical Heterostructures Endow Iontronic Pressure Sensors With Superior Strain Insensitivity, Air Permeability, and Sensing Performance for Neurodegenerative Disease Assessment

Pressure sensors, with their immense potential for detecting fine physiological activities and monitoring neurological disease-related signals, face significant challenges, including the occurrence of signal artifacts during stretching and low comfort due to poor breathability. Here, a bioinspired interlocking hierarchical heterostructure (BIHH) is synergistically designed by anchoring a porous textile-microstructured ionogel to stretchable laser-induced graphene electrodes to simultaneously enhance strain insensitivity, pressure sensing performance, and wearable comfort. This modulus-gradient heterogeneous mechanical network induces interfacial strain partitioning: tensile strain dissipates along porous Ecoflex frameworks, while the pressure-sensitive domains are mechanically locked against deformation. Consequently, the sensor exhibits a mere 2% signal variation under 100% strain, maintaining consistent sensing capability even under severe stretching. Meanwhile, the hierarchical porous microstructure reconciles high-performance iontronic pressure sensing with skin-conformable breathability for array-based touch and human physiological signal perception. Furthermore, by integrating artificial intelligence recognition algorithms, a five-channel finger tapping assessment system achieves an accuracy of 97% in distinguishing different tapping patterns for the early auxiliary screening and rehabilitation of neurodegenerative diseases. This effective strategy opens a promising path for designing devices that reduce motion artifact interference while enhancing pressure sensing performance and comfort for on-skin physiological activity monitoring.