肠易激综合征
医学
炎症性肠病
疾病
小肠细菌生长过度
肠道菌群
肠道微生物群
短肠综合征
基因组
炎症性肠病
肠-脑轴
菌群(微生物学)
胃肠病学
免疫学
重症监护医学
内科学
生物
细菌
肠外营养
遗传学
基因
作者
Luis Carlos Martínez Fernández,Juan S. Lasa,Fernando Man
标识
DOI:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000153
摘要
It is now well known that intestinal microbiota exerts not only several physiological functions, but has also been implied in the mechanisms of many conditions, both intestinal and extraintestinal. These advances, to the best of our knowledge, have been made possible by the development of new ways of studying gut flora. Metagenomics, the study of genetic material taken directly from environmental samples, avoiding individual culture, has become an excellent tool to study the human microbiota. Therefore, it has demonstrated an association between an altered intestinal microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease or irritable bowel syndrome, perhaps the most extensively studied conditions associated with this particular subject. However, microbiota has a potential role in the development of other diseases; their manifestations are not confined to the intestine only. In this article, an extensive updated review is conducted on the role intestinal microbiota has in health and in different diseases. Focus is made on the following conditions: inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, hepatic encephalopathy, and obesity.
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