Supramolecular polymers are composed of monomeric units brought together through non-covalent intermolecular interactions including supramolecular coordination polymers (metallo-supramolecular polymers), π-π stacking supramolecular polymers based on discotic molecules, hydrogen bonding supramolecular polymers, ionic supramolecular polymers based on polyelectrolytes, topological supramolecular polymers and mixed non-covalent interaction systems. The concepts and progress in supramolecular polymer science and engineering involving supramolecular polymer chemistry (supramolecular polymerization and mechanisms), supramolecular polymer physics (structures and properties) and supramolecular polymer engineering (processing and applications) were reviewed in this paper.