MXenes公司
材料科学
空位缺陷
电催化剂
纳米技术
掺杂剂
纳米材料
石墨烯
杂原子
过渡金属
催化作用
氮化物
兴奋剂
电化学
化学
物理化学
光电子学
图层(电子)
电极
有机化学
生物化学
结晶学
戒指(化学)
作者
Tao Sun,Guoqiang Zhang,Dong Xu,Xu Lian,Hexing Li,Wei Chen,Chenliang Su
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.mtener.2019.01.004
摘要
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including metal-free (graphene, carbon nitride, and black phosphorus et al.) and transition metal-based materials (dichalcogenides, oxides, hydroxides, phosphides, and MXenes et al.), have emerged as promising candidates for electrocatalysis due to their unique physical, chemical, and electronic properties. Specifically, 2D materials with ultra-thin thickness usually possess more vacancy-type defects and exposed edges than bulk materials, resulting in different electronic characteristics relative to those of bulk materials and leading to changes in the reactant absorption energy on catalysts. Introducing heteroatom dopants can further alter the charge distribution in 2D materials, thereby facilitating the formation of new defects and catalytic active-sites to improve the electrocatalytic performance. This review highlights recent defect chemistry advances and developments in 2D materials for electrocatalysis. We discuss various defects in 2D materials, such as edge defects, topological defects and vacancy defects so on, and the effects of defects on electrocatalytic performance. Defect engineering and rational design strategies for controlling defects on 2D materials will also be systematically discussed. Finally, various advanced characterization technologies to reveal different types of defects will be discussed.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI