Research progress in therapeutic drugs for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

"Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting（CINV）is a common adverse reaction in tumor treatment,which seriously affects patients􀆳 quality of life and treatment compliance. This paper systematically reviews the classification,pathogenesis and latest research progress of therapeutic drugs for CINV. According to the onset time,CINV can be divided into five clinical phenotypes ： acute,delayed,breakthrough,refractory and anticipatory,and its pathogenesis involves two main pathways：peripheral and central.In terms of therapeutic drugs,the antiemetic treatment regimens have been continuously optimized,ranging from traditional dopamine receptor antagonists and 5-hydroxytryptamine 3（5-HT3）receptor antagonists to neurokinin 1（NK1）receptor antagonists targeting delayed vomiting,and olanzapine with multi-receptor antagonistic effects. In recent years,compound preparations（such as netupitant-palonosetron combination）and individualized administration strategies have significantly improved the prevention and control effects.In addition,some antiemetic drugs have shown potential anti-tumor activities,endowing supportive care with new connotations. The paper also summarizes the precautions for drug use in special populations,and prospects the direction of individualized treatment based on gene detection,new dosage forms and artificial intelligence prediction models."