Sublethal effects of insecticides on the predatory stink bug Arma custos and its prey, the tea geometrid Ectropis grisescens: prospects for integrated pest management in tea plantations.

This study highlights the potential of integrating A. custos with selective insecticides for the sustainable management of E. grisescens in tea plantations. To maximize pest control efficacy, we recommend releasing A. custos during early stages of E. grisescens infestation, particularly following the application of insecticides exhibiting favorable selectivity profiles. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.